On 20 October 2017, production of the last Holden designed Commodore ceased and the vehicle assembly plant at Elizabeth was shutdown. On 29 November 2016, engine production at the Fishermans Bend plant was shutdown. This led to the announcement, on 11 December 2013, that Holden would cease vehicle and engine production by the end of 2017. From 2010, Holden incurred losses due to the strong Australian dollar and reductions of government grants and subsidies.
Engine manufacturing was consolidated at Fishermans Bend, Victoria, which was expanded to supply markets overseas.Īlthough Holden's involvement in exports had fluctuated from the 1950s, the declining sales of large sedan cars in Australia led the company to look to international markets to increase profitability. In the postwar period, this decentralisation was slowly reduced and by 1989 the consolidation of final assembly at Elizabeth, South Australia was largely completed except for some operations that continued at Dandenong, Victoria until 1994. Historically, while Holden's production became increasingly concentrated in South Australia and Victoria after the Second World War, Holden had factories in all the mainland states of Australia when GM took over in 1931 due to the combining of Holden and GM factories around the country under Holden management. The plants had belonged to General Motors from 1926 until 1990 in an earlier and quite separate operation from GM's Holden operations in Australia. Holden briefly owned assembly plants in New Zealand during the early 1990s. It was renamed Holden Ltd in 1998, adopting the name GM Holden Ltd in 2005.
It became a subsidiary of the United States–based General Motors (GM) in 1931, when the company was renamed General Motors-Holden's Ltd. In 1908, it moved into the automotive field. Holden was founded in 1856 as a saddlery manufacturer in South Australia. Holden had also distributed GM's German Opel marque in Australia in 20. The vehicle lineup had included models from GM Korea, GM Thailand, GM North America. However Holden had also offered badge-engineered models due to sharing arrangements with Chevrolet, Isuzu, Nissan, Opel, Suzuki, Toyota, and Vauxhall Motors. Holden's primary products were its own in-house developed models like the Holden Commodore, Holden Caprice, and the Holden Ute. The 164 year old company ceased trading under the Holden nameplate and marque in 2020. It was headquartered in Port Melbourne, with major industrial operations in the states of South Australia and Victoria. In its last three years, it switched entirely to importing cars. It was an Australian automobile manufacturer, importer, and exporter which sold cars under its own marque in Australia. Holden, formerly known as General Motors-Holden, was an Australian subsidiary of General Motors.
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